What defines the oral route of medication administration?

The oral route of medication administration is defined by medications that are taken by mouth, which can include both sublingual (under the tongue) and swallowed forms. This method is one of the most common routes for administering medications due to its ease of use, safety, and non-invasive nature. When medications are ingested, they are absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract before entering the bloodstream, which allows for a systemic effect throughout the body.

In addition to sublingual tablets that dissolve quickly for fast absorption, the oral route encompasses traditional tablets, capsules, liquids, and other forms administered through the mouth. This versatility provides options for various patient needs and preferences.

Conversely, other routes listed involve different administration techniques: injections breach the skin barrier, topical routes apply medication directly onto the skin’s surface, and inhalation requires the medication to be inhaled into the lungs. Each of these methods has specific indications, benefits, and limitations, distinguishing them clearly from the oral route.